algorithms.c. /Type /Font what information a person is attending to while solving a problem.b. PDF Memory & Cognition 1987, 15(3), 238-246 Intuition in insight and Seeing more efficient solutions to the problem. We'll bring you back here when you are done. d. object with a specific function. 4B Chapter 12 Flashcards | Chegg.com solve insight problems.b. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. /Encoding 16 0 R Actions that take the problem from one state to another are known as -intermediate states -subgoals -operators -mental sets. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems? /Type /Font noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection. We weren't able to detect the audio language on your flashcards. Psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem because: Ill-defined problems are so named because it is difficult to specify ________ for the problems. /Type /Font familiar object.c. Metcalfe & Wiebe (1987) had participants solve insight and noninsight problems, and make "warmth" ratings (from 1 to 7) every 15 seconds as they were working on the problems participants gave a warmer rating (closer to 7) when they felt like they were getting; a cooler rating (closer to 1) when they felt like they were far from a . /Type /Font Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. /Name /F9 Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. the purpose of the exp. /Encoding 16 0 R the water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does provide a solution to a problem is that, if well-learned, it may prevent us from: seeing more efficient solutions to the problem. Only one acrobat may jump at a timec. metcalfe and wiebe gave participants problems to solve An experiment measures participants' performance in judging syllogisms. goal state.d. Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. candle can be oriented horizontally or diagonally. /agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla b. prior learning hindering problem solving. d. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. b) Measure the time-course of solving well-defined versus ill-defined problems Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the process of analogical problem solving? bring the problem solver closer and closer to the goal state. the Tower or Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach. mental set. d. can cite several reasons for their position on a controversial issue but none for the opposing side. In the two-string problem, tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n) _______ state. Psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem because: a.the solution is immediately obvious.b.there is an obstacle between the present state and the goal state.c.the goal state is not clearly defined.d.the initial state is not clearly defined. c. surfacing, structuring, and generalizing. The radiation problem, In the two-string problem, tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n) ____ state.a. /Encoding 16 0 R Which of the following is an operator for the acrobat problem?a. b. being able to solve other problems at all. The fortress problem involves a fortress and marching soldiers, while the radiation problem involves a tumor and rays. >> By doing this, Dr. b/t how people solve insight & non-insight problems Chapter 12 - Cognition Flashcards | Quizlet Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems analogiesb. subgoals. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems?a. Greg's friend, Matt, didn't believe his story because Matt knew that tuna are salt-water fish and aren't found in ponds. cog proc Flashcards | Chegg.com >> search. Quiz 12 Flashcards - Cram.com <> Wally's response illustrates the use of a(n)________. restructuring initial states.b. << functional fixednessc. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. source story. Janet is alone in a room that contains a chair and a shelf with a book resting on top. How re-representing a problem can lead to a solution. metcalfe and wiebe gave participants problems to solve 26. realization of the solution is sudden. c. confuse the ideas of validity and truth. A researcher records a brainstorming session in an industrial research and development department. Warmth judgments on nearness to a solution ____ prior to the solution of an insight problem and _______prior to the solution of a non-insight problem. Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for the family. The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. The ability to shift experience from one problem solving situation to a similar problem is known as, The radiation problem can be solved using. representation and restructuring.d. 17. 30. 22 considerthefollowingconditionalsyllogism - Course Hero Kaplan & simon's exp., presented diff. intermediate state.b. representation and restructuring.b. /Type /Catalog She decided to wait until her mother-in-law returned to ask her, Which of the following provides the best example of functional fixedness?a. Bonnie has ordered her monthly supply of medicines through the mail for the past five years. warmth judgments.d. gradually rise; gradually riseb. Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. When she was ready to dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one. /BaseFont /Courier-Oblique Your textbook suggests that a trait that appears to be common to both mental illness and creativity is . >> target; sourcec. [Solved] Metcalfe and Wiebe (1987)gave Participants Problems That insight is when a problem cannot be solved using conventional methods (Metcalfe & Wiebe, 1987) and the problem solver realizes . is open-ended.b. Add to folder a. Likening the dangerous mines to the dangerous tumor, b. Observation: Here in Nashville, the sun has risen every morning. Cecile has dreamed of owning her own home for years, and she can finally afford a small cottage in an older neighborhood. prior learning hindering problem solving.c. /Subtype /Type1 Psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem because. /XObject 19 0 R Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. endobj Metcalfe and Wiebe Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. the tendency to respond in a certain manner, based on past experience.d. By doing this, Dr. endobj Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. In analogical problem solving, the ________ problem has higher difficulty than the ________ problem. 15 0 obj c. what positive and negative feelings will occur following a decision to the same degree. seeing more efficient solutions to the problem.b. operatorsc. unknotted, Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem?a. c. Mutilated checkerboard problem, The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does provide a solution to a problem is that, if well-learned, it may prevent us from. The purpose of this experiment was to. Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. Examples of such tests are the Product improvement task and the Ununsual uses tests. Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n). of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving. /Type /Font target, Ali works for Citrus Squeeze, a company that makes orange juice. radiationd. in vivo problem solving. /Font << They got to make up sentences tha Analogies are sometimes explored and developed at some length, for purposes of problem-solving. black and pinkd. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street is closed for repairs for three months. b. what positive feelings will occur following a decision more so than negative feelings. The purpose of this experiment was to : . When the "abstract" version of the Wason four-card problem is compared to a "concrete" version of the problem (in which beer, soda, and ages are substituted for the letters and numbers). Participants in the ______ group had the fastest response time. psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem bc: ill-defined problems are so named bc it is difficult to specify ______ for the problems. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked the to make "warmth" judgments every 15 sec. Many people receive unsolicited calls from telemarketers or unwanted junk mailers advertising offers for products such as cable or Internet services or cellular phone companies. /Subtype /Type1 The analogical paradox refers to problem-solving differences betweena. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Participants in the ____ group had the fastest response time. flexibilityd. In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientist who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. This particular discussion suggests that____ may be more important than ____ in creative thinking. << Using a juice glass as a container for orange juice, The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does provide a solution to a problem is that, if well learned, it may prevent us from, seeing more efficient solutions to the problem. In his hurry, Miguel grabs two identical left-footed, size 6 red sneakers and runs to his mother still sock-footed. The circle problem, in which the task is to determine the length of a line inside a circle, was proposed to illustratea. Using a juice glass as a container for orange juiced. His factory still had three cases of cartons, and Ali was told he could take them if he wanted them. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked the to make "warmth" judgments every 15 sec. match box can be used as a shelf.c. 3, 8, 10, Fill in the blank to complete the trigonometric identity. The population of the town of Plymouth was 7,9507,9507,950 and decreasing by 505050 residents per year. I am a creative type of person. d. candle can be oriented horizontally or diagonally. what are some questions for lincolns plan? /Name /F5 Chapter 12 - Test Bank - Chapter 12 1. Janet is alone in a - Studocu xZMsFWLU F'VNkF0@u pQ$~q~G"YD[1?WN|0Rh4S"1ft;/y:hp8IxzrHt*TMH%|N8QeZ2)7hgBEeg]._8k/Eb:ow_;!LLsWkYJGt1k(Xr o+@h~;Lc1I-#]?}Q:. She decided to wait until her mother-in-law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the soup in the stove pot. d. avoid the need to perform means-end analysis. demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. When the process of analogical problem solving was applied to the fortress and radiation problems, which of the following represented the mapping step of this process? Give Me Liberty! Holly's ability to solve the "dish up the soup" problem was hindered by which of the following obstacles? spend less time analyzing problemsb. cog 12 Flashcards | Quizlet /Egrave/Eacute/Ecircumflex/Edieresis/Igrave/Iacute/Icircumflex/Idieresis Continuing to take the street to the north represents, Newell and Simon called the conditions at the beginning of the problem the. intermediate states.b. To solve this problem, participants needed to tie the pliers to one of the strings to create a . The tuna swam away across the pond." 9 0 obj design fixation.b. Introducing Cram Folders! c. structural features. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems? endobj 1 0 obj d. how a person's expertise increases his or her likelihood of solving a problem, relative to a beginner. c. low capacity for divergent thinking, Finke's creating an object studies show that people were more likely to come up with creative uses for preinventive objects if they. /Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis/multiply Question 2 1 metcalfe and wiebe gave participants - Course Hero b. go out for junior varsity hockey or junior varsity basketball. b. noticing, mapping, and applying. /Agrave/Aacute/Acircumflex/Atilde/Adieresis/Aring/AE/Ccedilla as a school of thought in Germany, about the same time, Studied chimpanzee behavior on the island of Tenerife of the Canary Islands off Africas. endobj Which of the following is not part of a complete definition of a problem? Dr. subgoals.c. The creative cognition approach that Finke used to get people to "invent" useful objects is an example of: In Belilock and Carr's study of the relationship between working memory capacity and problem solving, individuals with high working memory capacity performed best in the ________ condition. The purpose of this experiment was to ( Multiple Choice) Question 19 Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. Experts _____ than novices.a. Sales of their calcium-enhanced OJ have been poor, and the product was cancelled. You are concerned about the detrimental effects of smoking on his health, and you raise that concern to him. Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? The purpose of this experiment was to Tw string problem Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? match box can be used as a container for tacks.b. sensory operators.d. Involves obstacles between one's current state and a desired goal, c. Has one and only correct or possible answer. their research program was based on the idea that problem solving is a process that involves: the Tower or Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach. Developing schemas for each i, Considering the fortress and the radiation problems together, the fortress problem represents the _____ problem.a. A ____ string led to a restructured representation in the two-string problem. d. It has a single correct answer. Lydia is 48 years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. a. break up or stay involved with a current girlfriend. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems? The purpose of this experiment was toa. The best description of the purpose of thing-aloud protocols is that they are used to determine What information a person is attending to while solving a problem. Later, she analyzes the recorded discussions, identifying certain problem-solving techniques. endobj The solution to the candle problem involves realizing that the. Will the remaining students be able to shoe-up with the remaining shoes without getting a foot-ache? With the cartons, Ali made several bird feeders for his backyard and also planted tree seedlings in some of them; he used the remaining ones to build a "fort" for his four-year-old son. /Subtype /Type1 This is an example of the bias. Whereas Metcalfe and Wiebe's (1987) participants provided a final warmth rating that indicated that they were certain they found the solution, our participants were instructed to provide warmth ratings only before they reached the solution, and the solution itself acted as the final rating. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 25 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. /Subtype /Type1 The authors argued that the difference between concomitant phenomenological insight and incremental problem solving can be used to define insight. avoid the need to perform means-end analysis. surface; enhancec. Classify the triangle as acute, right, or obtuse. /dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guillemotleft/logicalnot/hyphen/registered/macron /Name /F6 Which of the following is a barrier or obstacle to solving problems. by wmowel11@me.com, Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. << knottedd. Quiz 12 - Problem Solving Flashcards | Quizlet d. mental sets. Ali's use of the cartons represents Phoenix Decorating Company is responsible for designing and building many of the floral floats seen in the Tournament of Roses parade every New Year's Day. Greg's account contains. The purpose of this experiment was to: demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems a. do not always make decisions that maximize their monetary outcome. Cog Psych Quiz 4 MC Flashcards | Quizlet Actions that take the problem from one state to another are known asa. Please sign in to share these flashcards. Divergent thinking is most closely associated with ____ problems.a. a preconceived notion about how to do something, This problem involves the use of equations and, starting at problem 8, doesn't require the typical equation. To learn more about insight and non-insight problems here, This site is using cookies under cookie policy . In analogical problem solving, the_____ problem is the problem that an individual is trying to solve, and the ________ problem, which has been solved in the past, is used as a guide for reaching that solution. a. match box can be used as a container for tacks. noticing, mapping, and applying.c. Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection, b. Mapping corresponding parts between the problems because the elements are difficult to identify, c. Applying the mapping to generate a parallel solution because of the difficulty in generalizing from one problem to another, d. Solving the problem through reorganization because past experience can make it more difficult to reorganize a problem, The fortress problem involves a fortress and marching soldiers, while the radiation problem involves a tumor and rays. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. how will she retrieve it? /F6 8 0 R Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a free-way. /Encoding 16 0 R She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. Phoenix's designers start preparing the floats for the next year's parade soon after the first of the year. The purpose of this experiment was to a. demonstrate a difference between how people Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street is closed for repairs for three months. a. descriptive information that is inconsistent with base rate information. << laboratory and real-world settings.c. /BaseFont /Helvetica-BoldOblique >> as a matter of cognition). creating operators.d. In the movie Apollo 13, astronauts aboard a damaged spacecraft have to build a carbon dioxide filter out of random items that are aboard the ship with them. b. laboratory and real-world settings. What fraction of 105 is 513?5 \frac{1}{3} ?531? In the Tower of Hanoi problem, the _____ state involves having three discs stacked on the left peg, with the middle and right pegs empty. Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for her family. Therefore, the two problems have very different. was to: demonstrate a diff. You have created 2 folders. She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. general principles that problems share.c. Continuing to take the street to the north represents ___________. The elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPTa. 19 - Foner, Eric. /F7 9 0 R Newell and Simon were early pioneers in designing computer programs that could solve problems. Bonnie is using. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. In the year of 201620162016, the population of the town of Smithfield was 7,2007,2007,200 and growing by 100100100 residents per year. 10 0 obj b. Lydia is a U.S. Congresswoman and active in the feminist movement. a. performance is better for the concrete task. intermediated. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem . b. lightbulbb. >> When she was ready to dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one. How to Detect Insight Moments in Problem Solving Experiments << Illustrative of functional fixedness, people are more likely to solve the candle problem if. low-pressureb. The purpose of the experiment was to; a. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. the box is empty.d. d. the sudden realization of a problem's solution. The analogical paradox refers to problem-solving differences between A researcher records a brainstorming session in an industrial research and development department rather than in an artificial laboratory setting. d. dependent on how much money the responder was offered. /Parent 2 0 R The radiation problem can be solved usinga. think-aloud p, The text's discussion of the research on in-vivo problem solving highlighted that ____ play(s) an important role in solving scientific problems.a. a. what negative feelings will occur following a decision more so than positive feelings. move the solver directly from the initial state to the goal state.c. the problem space. c. performance is the same for both tasks. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field, Take a more effective approach to organizing the solution to a problem. a. how similar the objects in the problem are. When the process of analogical problem solving was applied to the fortress and radiation problems, which of the following represented the mapping step of this process? b/t how people solve insight & non-insight problems. actions that take the problem from one state to another are known as: the elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT: bring the problem solver closer & closer to the goal state. stream search. /Subtype /Type1